{"id":2913,"date":"2018-10-30T11:32:23","date_gmt":"2018-10-30T11:32:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/?p=2913"},"modified":"2019-09-06T14:28:49","modified_gmt":"2019-09-06T14:28:49","slug":"japanese-pronouns-grammar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/japanese-pronouns-grammar\/","title":{"rendered":"Lesson 4. The Complete Guide of Pronouns in Japanese"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Pronouns
Pronouns in Japanese<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Just as in Spanish<\/a> and Italian<\/a>, pronouns in Japanese are generally omitted in the conversation if the meaning of the sentence is clear without them. For example, the verb \u3042\u3052\u308b (ageru) implies that \u2018somebody close to me\u2019 or \u2018I\u2019 give something to someone<\/a>. In this case, pronouns are not required in the sentence. On the other hand, the word for \u2018you\u2019 in Japanese \u3042\u306a\u305f (anata), is rarely used to refer to the second person. It can be considered rude and inappropriate.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Addressing People in Japanese<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Instead of using pronouns \u2013 I, you, he, she, we, they \u2013 for addressing people in Japanese, try to refer people using their name and followed by the honorifics titles. The commonly used name suffixes including:<\/p>\n

-\u3055\u3093 (-san) \u2192 the most common, neutral.<\/p>\n

-\u69d8 (-sama) \u2192 formal version of -\u3055\u3093 (-san), and for refer customer – \u304a\u5ba2\u69d8 (okyaku-sama).<\/p>\n

-\u3061\u3083\u3093 (-chan) \u2192 informal, generally for female.<\/p>\n

-\u541b (-kun) \u2192 informal, generally for male.<\/p>\n

-\u5148\u751f (-sensei) \u2192 teachers, lawyers, doctors or someone who has achieved mastery in some skills.<\/p>\n

-\u5148\u8f29 (-senpai) \u2192 seniors in academics or learning environment.<\/p>\n

*Note: There is a word, \u5f8c\u8f29 (k\u014dhai) to describe juniors in academics or learning environment. However, it’s not used for addressing people.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In the circumstances when you are not sure which one to choose, use the person\u2019s last name along with -\u3055\u3093 (-san). It is the most common honorific title that similar to \u2018Mr, Ms, Mrs\u2019. Contrarily, use -\u3061\u3083\u3093 (-chan) and -\u541b (-kun) titles only for addressing people that you are close with or kids.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Subject Pronouns in Japanese<\/strong> \u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

When it is necessary to state the pronouns, either in a written context or for emphasis, use the following pronouns.<\/p>\n

\"Pronouns<\/a>
Subject Pronouns in Japanese<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Note that there is no translation of \u2018it\u2019 in Japanese \u2013 similar to spoken Brazilian Portuguese.<\/p>\n

Read: Demonstrative Pronouns in Japanese<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Object Pronouns in Japanese<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Just like nouns in Japanese<\/a>, pronouns also only have one form in Japanese. In other words, subject pronouns and object pronouns in Japanese are the same. Thus, \u79c1 (watashi) means both \u2018I\u2019 and \u2018me\u2019; \u5f7c (kare) means both \u2018he\u2019 and \u2018him\u2019; and so on. Therefore, it is important to understand how to use the Japanese particles. Thus:<\/p>\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c<\/strong>\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

Watashi wa kare<\/strong> o sagashita.<\/p>\n

I looked for him<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5f7c\u306f\u79c1<\/strong>\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

Kare wa watashi<\/strong> o sagashita.<\/p>\n

He looked for me.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Possessive Pronouns in Japanese<\/strong><\/h3>\n

There are no direct translations for \u2018my, your, his, her, our, their\u2019 in Japanese. Possessive pronouns are formed simply by placing the particle \u306e<\/strong> (no) <\/strong>after the pronouns.<\/p>\n

Structure: Subject\/Object Pronoun + \u306e<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Examples:<\/p>\n

\u79c1\u306e<\/strong>\u540d\u524d\u306f\u30b5\u30e9\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Watashi<\/strong> no<\/strong> namae wa sara desu.<\/p>\n

My<\/strong> name is Sarah.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5f7c\u306e<\/strong>\u8eca\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Kare no<\/strong> kuruma desu.<\/p>\n

It is his<\/strong> car.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Let\u2019s learn Japanese today! Join us at LingoCards<\/a>!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Just as in Spanish and It…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":2914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[137],"class_list":["post-2913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-japanese","tag-pronouns","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2913"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3906,"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2913\/revisions\/3906"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingo-apps.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}